Gender Dysphoria refers to significant psychological distress that an individual may experience due to an incongruence between the sex assigned at birth and their experienced or expressed gender identity. This condition may be accompanied by anxiety, depressive symptoms, inner tension, and difficulties in social, personal, or occupational functioning.
Gender identity itself is not a mental disorder. Clinical intervention is indicated only when the distress is persistent and has a substantial impact on mental health and quality of life.
Clinical Assessment
The clinical assessment includes:
- a comprehensive psychiatric and psychosocial history
- evaluation of the intensity and duration of the distress
- assessment of possible co-occurring mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression
- exclusion of anatomical or biological factors, where clinically indicated
The diagnosis is established when symptoms persist for at least six months and are associated with clinically significant distress or functional impairment.
Therapeutic Approach
The treatment of Gender Dysphoria is individualized and adapted to the needs, wishes, and pace of each person. It does not aim to change gender identity, but rather to reduce psychological distress and support emotional balance and wellbeing.
Psychotherapeutic Support
- safe and supportive exploration of gender-related experiences
- strengthening self-understanding and emotional stability
- management of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and internal conflicts
- support in the decision-making process
Social Adaptation
In many cases, relief from distress is achieved through gradual changes in daily life, such as:
- gender expression and appearance
- social role
- name and pronouns
These changes are explored progressively, based on the individual’s readiness and comfort.
Medical Interventions (where indicated)
In selected cases, and following thorough evaluation, the following may be considered:
- hormone therapy
- referral for further medical interventions
These interventions are not mandatory and are undertaken only when there is a clear indication and fully informed consent.
The therapeutic process is based on collaboration between mental health professionals and, when necessary, other medical specialties. Continuous follow-up provides safety, consistency, and support throughout each stage of the individual’s journey.
The primary goals of treatment are the relief of psychological distress, the enhancement of self-acceptance, and the improvement of overall quality of life, through a compassionate, evidence-based approach.